Early in the morning of Aug. 29, 1949, a mushroom cloud soared up over the Kazakh deserts. The Soviets had detonated their first atomic bomb, a thrilling feat of engineering and physics. The man who had supervised the effort, the pitiless chief of the secret police, Lavrenti Beria, raced to telephone Stalin. But when the leader came on the line he declared that he already knew and hung up.
It was an enigmatic and devious response from the ultimate enigmatic and devious man. Stalin’s aim, Michael D. Gordin suggests, was just “to put Beria in his place.”