Sallie Mae CEO: "Frivolous" Legislation Will Cut Into "Razor-Thin" Profits
"For Sallie Mae, whose core cost of commercial borrowing has been reported to be 5.4 percentage points, the government subsidized and guaranteed rate of return on federal student loans represents a 43 percent rate of profit on capital."
-Lindsey Luebchow
New America Foundation
Higher Ed Watch
Democrats' and President Bush's proposed student loan reforms have put Sallie Mae on the defensive. And the loan giant is certainly not going to take a beating without a fight. Here comes the public relations blitz, starting with this letter to college and university presidents praising the work of financial aid officers.
Tim Fitzpatrick, the Chief Executive Officer of Sallie Mae, is testing several tacks in his assault on recent legislative proposals. Unfortunately for him (and fortunately for those in the higher education world cheering on these reforms), each of his arguments can be discredited or chalked up to Sallie Mae's intense commitment to profit-making at the cost of student interests and taxpayer money.
"Frivolous"
Let’s start with Fitzpatrick's claim in a Washington Times article that Congress' plan to cut interest rates in half is a "frivolous" idea that only creates a "headline sensation." Frivolous? Maybe to a guy who made almost $40 million in 2005. A student who begins school in 2007 and takes out a subsidized Stafford loan would save about $2,280 over the lifetime of the loan—not a small chunk of change for most of us.
Fitzpatrick also derided the legislation by claiming it would affect only 27 percent of all borrowers. Well, only an estimated 5.5 million students would see their student loans reduced, or almost 60% of Stafford loan recipients, according to data from the Project on Student Debt. And let’s not forget that represents the neediest of student loan borrowers. The student loan rate cut is specifically for students who hold need-based, federally-subsidized student loans—those from lower income and middle class homes.
"Razor-Thin"
Fitzpatrick also has been alleging that student lenders’ profits are "razor-thin and declining." According to Fitzpatrick, if Congress acts on President Bush’s proposal to cut subsidies, "many" student lenders in the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program would be "eliminated." Quite an extreme prediction. Is there cause for concern? Would, as Fitzpatrick stated, "no one mak[e] enough money to even service these loans"?
That would be a resounding "no." Student lender profits have gone, and continue to go, through the roof. Fitzpatrick’s claim that Sallie Mae earns less than half a penny for every dollar lent is pretty tough to believe. The government subsidy for student lenders provides a 2.34 percentage point boost on top of the market interest rate for commercial borrowing. For Sallie Mae, whose core cost of commercial borrowing has been reported to be 5.4 percentage points, this represents a 43 percent rate of profit on capital. Since 1995, Sallie Mae's stock has posted returns of over 1,900 percent. They call it a "19 bagger" on Wall Street. In 2005, Fortune 500 ranked Sallie Mae as the magazine's 2nd most profitable company. Microsoft ranked 18th.
And Sallie Mae’s profits aren’t going anywhere anytime soon—as Higher Ed Watch previously reported, after the House of Representatives announced their legislation to cut student loan bank subsidies, Morningstar Rating Service said that Sallie Mae was still in "five star shape."
Scare Tactics and Competition
Fitzpatrick also has employed the scare tactic of "disappearing borrower benefits." If Congress cuts lender subsidies, according to Fitzpatrick, "important [lender-sponsored] savings programs" will be "threatened." Well, lender-sponsored borrower benefits, like reduced interest rates for three years worth of consecutive, on-time payments, are currently so restrictive by design that only a minimal number of students ever obtain them. Fitzpatrick admits it himself: "It is important to remember that a small percentage of borrowers may ever realize these savings." And these borrower benefits cost next to nothing for lenders. The combined cost of all lender discounts is estimated at less than 10 basis points (i.e. one-tenth of one percent) over the past decade. Yet Fitzpatrick continues to harp on about how expensive they are for lenders and how invaluable they are to students. We wish.
It’s also hard to believe Sallie Mae's Tim Fitzpatrick when he says he’s looking out for the small guys in the student loan industry. He keeps bringing them up in the context of competition: "Students and schools benefit from the efficiencies created by competition in the FFEL industry. Students have received lower rates and fees as a result of competition." That’s true. But the competition for borrowers mainly has occured in the consolidation loan market. There isn't much competition in the overall FFEL market. Out of 3200 lenders, 32 hold over 90% of all federal student loans. One, Sallie Mae, owns over half. And it's five times as large as its closest competitor.
Competition for school partners has occured, but in a limited manner. FFEL players have entered into a variety of controversial agreements with colleges. But the Direct Loan program has been prohibited from offering any competing benefit. In fact, Fitzpatrick and friends have vigorously fought against more competition between the Direct Loan and FFEL program with attached benefits dedicated to increased need-based aid.
Why is Sallie Mae really against allowing the Direct Loan program to compete? Fitzpatrick doesn’t want to compete with the Direct Loan program because the federal government might be the one entity that can match Sallie Mae’s size and strength and truly compete. And he’s worried that true competition would force Sallie Mae to divert some of its profits to increased, need-based student aid as opposed to promised, but rarely realized, borrower benefits.
We get that Fitzpatrick and the lenders are against competing with the Direct Loan program. But at least they embrace the idea of competition within the FFEL program. In fact, with all of this talk about competition, maybe Fitzpatrick should take a look at our student loan auction proposal. Taxpayers and students would fair pretty well. Privately, we've heard from a host of Republicans and Democrats who like the auction idea. Publicly, Senator Edward M. Kennedy (D-MA) has spoken favorably of student loan auctions. Higher Ed Commission member Richard Vedder has endorsed the idea (see Monday, Feb. 6th). And former Senator Dave Durenberger (R-MN) has called it a modest, positive step. In fact, Missouri's Republican Governor is embracing the general idea. So is Illinois' Democratic Governor. Sallie Mae and other lenders would be wise to engage the idea constructively. Otherwise, President Bush and a Congressional majority are going roll them and their weak arguments.
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Higher Ed
My daughter has paid her student loans for 12 years and owes twice as much today as when she took those loans out. Our youth will never get out from under the burden of those loans unless Congress removes power from the DOE--power it abuses today. Interesting that the Bush Administration wants to forgive one of the student loan lenders, Nelnet, $300 million in overbilling of taxpayers, but goes after our youth with venom over minor amounts of money!
Let's undo this harm to our youth for they are the future of this country.
Let's Hope The Speaker Isn't Listening
If Congressional Democrats buy this, they shouldn't even bother unpacking their boxes.
What I don't understand is why the author promotes an auction proposal that, by her own admission, could very well result in Sallie Mae being one of a few dominant, remaining players? Unless, of course, the real goal of the auction system is something else.
More Sallie Mae Hysteria as the Good Times Come to an End
Sallie Mae
Your story is similar to many I have heard over the past year. SM is a very evil company. I feel very bad for you and your poor mother. My parents, myself and my husband foolishly did not check out Sallie Mae before we co-signed my daughter's student loans - 4 years worth. She was the first going off to college and we did not know anything about student loans. Now almost three years after she graduated, she has yet to find a job that pays more than $10 per hour and that is not enough to make payments. As of three months ago, she started paying $50 a month, which is more than she has paid for 2 1/2 years. She was told by SM that her $50 payment does not go on her loan. She is charged $10 for paying over the phone, $25.00 (now $44.00) for a late fee and the rest goes on interest. My elderly parents are getting three to four phone calls a day and so are my husband and I. There has to be a way to stop this harrassment and the overcharging. I am now in the process of looking for a lending institution that consolidates private and federal loans. The sooner I can dump SM, the better our lives will be. Sallie Mae has their nose in many other businesses and I am writing down all of them to protect myself, family and friends. The best thing that all of Sallie Mae's victims can do is spread the word about their collection tactics.
Reform of Direct and FFELP Programs Needed Not Destruction
The New American Foundation has it mostly wrong and partially right since Mike Dannenberg has never made a student loan, parent loan, nor consolidation loan in his life. His writings are ill advised and ill informed and reflect his complete lack of understanding of the Direct, FFELP, and HEAL loan programs. Instead of trying to reform both the Direct and FFELP programs, both of which need reform to level the playing field between the two programs and within the FFELP program, Dannenberg has hijacked the New America Foundation as his baseball bat to bash the FFELP program and promote the establishment of Federal Government monopoly Direct loan program. While you are at it Mike, why don't you socialize medicine, eliminate the insurance industry, and turn all Federal Government credit guarantee programs such as the VA, FHA, SBA, and Export-Import Bank into direct loan programs.
The reality is there is really no Direct loan program since the U.S. Department of Education hired a FFELP loan servicer to make and service the Direct loans. And, it just happens to be the FFELP loan servicer with the relatively highest loan servicing fees (this begs the question why Direct loan advocates say the Direct loan program is cheaper to the taxpayers than the FFELP loan program).
Students and parents at most of the schools participating in the Direct loan program are locked out of obtaining a loan with interest rate discounts (i.e., a FFELP loan cheaper than a Direct loan) from a FFELP program lender since the school and not the student nor the parents decide which of the two loan programs the student must use. There is no freedom of choice.
In the FFELP program, school officials steer students to a set of preferred OPIC-like cartel FFELP lenders and this practice should be outlawed entirely. Some FFELP lenders (none of the new start up Consolidation Loan companies included) that issue tax exempt revenue bonds engaged in the 9.5% interest rate scam collecting unwarranted subsidies which should be returned to increase Pell grants.
The correct role of the New American Foundation is to promote debate about these needed reforms and not to take a NEOCON-like ideological position with no basis in fact in favor of a Federal Government monopoly Direct Loan program. Dannenberg's arguments sound like flawed pre-war intelligence.
The only real competition to emerge in the FFELP program has been post 1998 with the advent of Consolidation Loan companies such as U.S. Education Finance Group. No such thing as a borrower interest rate discount/borrower fee reduction or borrower benefit existed prior to 1998. Borrower interest rate and fee discounts only emerged as a result of the competition from start-up Consolidation Loan companies (many of which later began making Stafford and PLUS loans) post 1998. U.S. Education Finance Group and other new companies have saved millions of borrowers hundreds of millions of dollars in interest expense vis-a-vis the Direct loan program and the OPIC-like cartel of FFELP lenders that existed prior to 1998 that did not initially offer borrower benefits until spurred into it by the new Consolidation Loan companies.
The auction proposal will result in NO competition within the FFELP program and a single FFELP lender with the lowest cost of funds and lowest cost of servicing. As Senator John Glenn once said when he was a Mercury astronaut after his spacecraft's heatshield almost came off during the super heated re-entry, "the heatshield was made by the lowest bidder." The auction process adopted by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services resulted in semi-annual disruptions in the flow of HEAL student loan funds to medical professions students at the nation's medical and dental schools and ultimately resulted in the HEAL student loan program having one lender and one servicer (which were one in the same).
The two programs need reform to enhance competition, rectify past abuses, and not a Dannenberg revolution.
Written by a leading member of the Democratic party, and President and Chief Executive Officer of U.S. Education Finance Group, a FFELP lender.
American graduate forced to leave country
I am one of those American graduates victimize by Sallie Mae and my school.
I was never told how difficult it is to repay a private/alternative loan, and I was never inform that I did have the choice to apply for a federal loan with a lower interest rate. The students at my school are not given a choice. Everybody is thrown in to Sallie Mae's loans, and many don't even finish their degree, because by their third year they owe so much money they decide to quit. I could give a list of names of all the students at my school whose lives Sallie Mae is destroying.
I was forced to leave America and come to Europe to be able to repay my loans since the exchange rate is better from here to US dollars. I lost everything back at home and I cannot dream of coming back to America and living in America for many years. So much for my American Dream.
The one thing I don't understand is why American citizens are not doing anything. We are in the background hoping that someone in Washington D.C does something for us. I am not instigating or suggesting violence or disorder, but I know if it were happenning in another country, students would be having riots and protests.
I think Americans need to stand up for ourselves and say "that is enough"
Sallie Mae Should Change Its Name To Bulie Mae
Imagine, if you can, the uproar if homeowners were suddenly told that they can no longer refinance their homes. Then consider how American students and their parents feel who are experiencing exactly the same problem with their federally insured student loan debt.
Seems the problem originated with mega-lender, Sallie Mae, and her cozy friend, Rep. John Boehner, who persuaded the 109th Congress to please Miss Sallie and forget about students and their parents.
While Sallie Mae pretends to have the best interests of their customers at heart, they covertly worked behind the scenes to pass anti-competitive legislation that is costing students and parents billions of dollars.
Under the laws effective on July 1,2006, the vast majority who have consolidated are now legally barred from ever re-financing again, no matter what other lender might have offered them a lower rate, better terms, and more manageable monthly payments.
Legally barred from ever refinancing? Hard to believe, but true.
Here's "the short version," Sallie Mae doesn't want the lure of lower rates tempting their customers to switch to Sallie's competitors. So, they called on Republican leaders, and got them to attempt to hide ugly anti-competitive legislation to prevent reconsolidation in the Budget Deficit Act of 2006. Of course this ignored anti-competitive laws, stiffing student and parent borrowers in any number of costly ways.
And when consumer groups such as the American Student Association began complaining about the proposed no-more-refinancing law, Sallie Mae lobbyists countered by spreading misinformation that’s designed to lead people to believe that a borrower moving their loan from one lender to another would cost the taxpayers money that was needed in other places. Not so. The fact is, the borrower savings would all come from the smaller and less greedy lenders' willingness to accept less profit.
In the end, Sallie Mae, which, according to Fortune Magazine, is one of America's most profitable companies, won the battle. And the losers were America’s millions of students and parents who have been denied the opportunity to negotiate lower interest rates for themselves in an open market.
Now, the Democrats say they are going to do something about these issues. They have proposed a 50% cut in student loan interest rates (Reverse the Raid on Student Aid Act; H.R. 5150 and the Senate's RSSA Act), and Hillary Clinton’s Student Borrower Bill of Rights (S. 3255) proposes to repeal the laws banning the refinancing of Federal Consolidation loans and other predatory lending practices. But there is no guarantee that either of these proposals will actually become law.
Voice your opinion on these issues by contacting your representation. It's up to you, now.
C. Victoria Patrick
Educator, College Administrator, Financial Adviser (retired)
New York Attorney General Expands Student-Loan Investigation to Collegeshttp://chronicle.com/temp/reprint.php?id=f3z134gr6bv5mg63ggz8fqs8lzt5xwgb Sallie Mae's Success Too Costly? -Lesley Stahl, CBS News, May 7, 2006 (Janet Klein and Douglas Kiker, producers)Generation Debt - Geraldo Rivera, Fox Television, July 25, 2006 ( Rachel Feldman, Producer)Manhandled No More, Catherine Tumber, The Phoenix, December 14th, 2006Democrats: Make Student Loans Student Friendly, Bethany McLean, Fortune, November 13th, 2006Private loans prove costly for college students- Carrie Sturrock - SF Chronicle, October 25th, 2006Getting Schooled on Student Loans- Annys Shin - The Washington Post, October 24th, 2006Student Loan Mayhem- Leslie Carbone - Washington Times, October 23rd, 2006The Student Business- Ralph Nader - In the Public Interest, May 7, 2006Your Late Fees, Their Millions - Anya Kamenetz, The Village Voice, January 24th, 2006Sallie Mae's Sweet Romance with Rep. John Boehner - Froma Harrop, RealClearPolitics, January 11th, 2006 Sallie Mae: A Hot Stock, A Tough Lender -Bethany McLean, Fortune Magazine, December 26th, 2005:Robbing Joe College to Pay Sallie Mae, Anya Kamenetz, New York Times, December 12th, 2005Congress to Cut loans for Students, Emily Baneman, Columbia Spectator, November 28th, 2005Student Loan Shame, Times Union, November 27th, 2005Political Animal, Kevin Drum, Washington Monthly, November 18, 2005Student Loan Ripoff a Test of GOP Rhetoric , Dick Morris, Newsmax, November 16, 2005Let All Students Refinance, the Times Tribune, November 18th, 2005Student Borrowers Must Consolidate Now, Terry Savage, November 14th, 2005Fight for Your Money or Lose It, Nancy Fay, The Campus (CCNY), October 26th, 2005U.S. Gets Tough on Failure to Repay Student Loans, John Hechinger, Wall Street Journal, January 6th, 2004Sallie Mae Not, Catherine Tumber, Boston Phoenix, December 4th, 2003SALLIE MAE STUDENT LOANS
My son signed for a student loan for college in the amount of $28,000.00, which was funded by Sallie Mae. When he received the notice that payments were coming due, the statement indicated that Sallie May would be collecting a grand total of $102,000.00 for this loan.
THIS IS OUTRAGEOUS and is HIGHWAY ROBBERY!!
The idiot greedy dirty bastard!!!
Is There No End To The Interest
Thirteen years ago I graduated with a Bachelor's of Science Degree, my then husband also graduated. He had been a professional student and borrowed about $22000, I borrowed approximately $8000. Shortly after consolidating our loans in to one he left. During the course of our divorce proceedings he stated he would not assist in repaying this debt. I spent hours pleading with the powers at Sallie Mae to reverse our consolidation so that I might not be required to pay his debt. Of course I was given a resounding 'NO' to every bit of help I begged for. Consequently, thirteen years later I've paid $43,000 and currently owe another $27,500. I am raising six children and work two jobs to keep current my obligations. I couldn't have completed college without financial aid and am greatful for the loan. However, a little mercy from those who make the same amount of money in a week as I make in a year would be highly appreciated.
Wow.
How do people like Fitzpatrick SLEEP at night?
In two years, my $50,000 Sallie Mae Loan has collected $11,000 in interest. That is ridiculous. At age 18, I did what my loan counselor-"the expert"-said was best...and now, two years out of college in a $30k a year job in television, newly diagnosed with type one diabetes...my bills and medical expenses exceed what I take home in a month. I'm talking my bank account is -$397.
Whenever someone younger than me discusses loans to pay for college-I direct them as far away possible from Sallie Mae. I wish someone had done the same for me.
And they get away with it
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