Financial Literacy

 In response to the financial downturn, high schools around the country are adding financial literacy to their curriculum.  Some schools are offering the financial literacy class as an elective.  Others are making it a graduation requirement.  New Jersey is the newest state to join Utah, Missouri and Tennessee in requiring high school-ers to take a financial literacy course.  Some individual school districts, like the Chicago Public Schools, are making the decision without a mandate from the state.

The recent trend to make financial education part of the core curriculum in public schools reminds me of a New America event held last year, "The Effectiveness of Youth Financial Education."  Experts stressed the importance of linking financial education to real-world financial activity, such as a savings account or visits to a bank.  Being able to see how savings grow in a real account engages kids' interest in personal finance and motivates them to learn and retain financial principles. 

It's official. On Monday the National Bureau of Economic Research confirmed that the U.S. has been in a recession since December 2007. This news came as no surprise to many consumers. They have been feeling the impact of escalating unemployment rates and increasing food and other costs for quite some time. Many people have been struggling to afford basic needs like food, child care, housing, and transportation and this financial stress often spills over into the workplace. Employers are taking notice of the stress and are providing some help.

Last week in an article published by the Wall Street Journal titled "Crisis Help via Work," they reported that more and more workers are feeling stress from job pressures and from the turmoil in the financial markets. To help alleviate this stress, some employers are offering free financial counseling. In the article, the WSJ cited an EAP program that provides assistance with budgeting and debt reduction by certified financial planners, accountants, and attorneys through confidential telephone counseling sessions. This sounds like a win-win solution to help workers deal with stress and to help employers gain more productive employees, but there are some challenges in engaging more employers to adopt this service.

 I've recently been thinking about the similarities between our national epidemics of obesity and financial illiteracy. Both are socio-cultural phenomena created through generations of misinformation, misunderstanding and perverse incentives.  Factors like (but not limited to) easy credit and encouraged consumerism without proper consumer disclosure and easy access to abundant, cheap astonishingly unhealthy foods has created a culture of overindulgence on so many levels. Both problems tend to fall disproportionately on poor, low and even some moderate-income households, which lack easy access to alternative options (like banks red-lining disadvantaged neighborhoods; public school cafeterias serving french fries most everyday yet not offering physical education classes). And both are believed to have huge social and economic costs that are now reaching epic proportions.  If similar forces are causing and/or driving these problems, then shouldn't efforts to tackle both childhood obesity and financial illiteracy also be similar?  Only recently has this become apparent to those fighting the battle of such rhetorical bulges.

Last Monday I attended "Financial Literacy Day on Capital Hill", an awareness-raising event convened by the Jump$tart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy, JA Worldwide and the National Council on Economic Education. In addition to a hall of exhibits by government, not-for-profit and corporate organizations that promote financial literacy across the country, Rep. Rubén Hinojosa (D-TX), Sen. Daniel Akaka (D-HI), and Sen. Wayne Allard (R-CO) offered moving remarks to the audience of practitioners and hill staff. I was wholly impressed and heartened by the passion and sincere commitment to financial education shown by these leaders, and enjoyed seeing the variety of curricula and methods on display. Yet, I left perplexed about the absence of policy that could systemize and enforce the delivery of these valuable efforts.

Many experts have predicted that our economy is moving into a recession and as the economy declines, it will become even more important for college students to graduate with as little credit card debt as possible to enable them weather tough times. A recent article in the Washington Post stated that college students can least afford to graduate with debt these days with an unstable job market. Many college students are crippled with debt. They graduate with credit card debt as well as student loan debt and in today's economy they may not be able to find a job immediately upon graduation. In spite of these facts, research shows that college students continue to accumulate credit card debt.

A recent study by the US PIRG Education Fund showed that nearly two thirds of students reported that they had at least one credit card. Seniors reported carrying more than $2,500 of credit card debt. This debt was incurred to pay for college expenses as well as living expenses. Students reported using credit cards for "day-to-day" expenses (55%) and books (55%). The next highest categories reported were "weekends and pizza" and emergencies.

As college costs continue to soar, college students are increasingly turning to credit cards to cover costs.

Last week I had the privilege of discussing asset building for lower income Americans in three very different settings: the annual Opportunity Economics Colloquium of the Hope Street Group, held at the Lansdowne Resort outside of Washington; an Assets Forum sponsored by the New America Foundation in the State Capitol in Sacramento, California; and with a group of financial services, social service and foundation representatives brought together by the City of Seattle. While the settings and audiences varied, the theme was the same: how to empower and encourage all Americans, particularly those who do not have funds either to cushion an economic setback or to invest to achieve economic security, to take sustainable first steps toward saving. Given the current financial crisis, one wishes these discussions had started ten years ago, but that same crisis makes it all the more important that they're happening now.