New York Times is Pessimistic about Americans' Retirement. Let's Fix That.
The New York Times pens an editorial today that's half-kvetching at the current state of retirement security and half-prescriptive for policymakers interested in preserving a comfortable retirement for the boomers and beyond. Are they optimistic about a market rebound that acts as a cure for shockingly low account balances (and can you tell I just got my quarterly statement)? Consider the following passages:
The last 25 years was a time of low inflation rates and low interest rates, which boosted stock prices. Going forward, inflation and interest rates have nowhere to go but up...
So far, the cumulative wipe-out of household retirement savings totals about $2 trillion, and no one believes that the downturn is anywhere near over. As a result, participants in 401(k)’s are in greater danger than ever of coming up short in retirement...
The wipeout in 401(k)’s has made it clear that it is not enough to get more people to save more...
Decidedly pessmistic. Alas, the piece is not bereft of hope or constructive talk. The Times cites President Obama's campaign proposal (that has acheived bi-partisan support) for a universal/automatic IRA as a way to give workers access to a savings vehicle. Good. They also give oxygen to an idea out of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College that focuses on a shared-risk account that could provide a buffer of security for middle-class retirees. There are many ideas along this line on a broad range of economic ills, and some deserve serious thought from Congress and the new Administration.
"There needs to be a better way to reasonably ensure that a lifetime of savings can’t be undone by forces beyond one’s control." Agreed. Just as important, however, is the need for a better way to reasonably ensure access and enticements for those who do not currently have adequate savings. This is a near impossible sell in an age of dwindling consumer spending, and the Times piece has an appropriate dooms-day quality to it.
But there seems to be an underlying implication that the 401k system is tragically flawed. This seems to me unfounded. There are big ideas that don't completely destroy our current system. The policy fix, it seems, in a world where retirement savings is on the burden of the individual, is to share risk, incentivize and reward good behavior, increase transparency, and create a "confidence floor" for people so they aren't worried about losing everything in a wretched market. And when they start losing a lifetime of savings by doing what they've always been told to do, there needs to be some sort of backstop. All of this is doable.
More positive news: fixes that jive with these principles aren't all that expensive. The auto IRA would bring with it minimal costs. As would a saver's bonus. 401k fee transparency was in in 2008. And the cost of big ideas like KIDS accounts, universal 401ks, and national 401k insurance pales in comparison to the figures leaping out of Capitol Hill these days.
"Many Americans didn’t have enough savings coming into the downturn." Congress and the new President are trying to fix our economy. In doing so, let's also fix that.


















planned savings destruction.....
A lack of savings makes a population less assertive and more dependent on the economic and political system. The US standard of living in 1980 was one of the highest in the industrialized world. The last numbers I saw prepared for Congress put the US below 15th. Asking people to save when the minimum wage would have to be $15.00 per hour or more when compared to the minimum wage in 1965 is not knowlingly not achievable. A lack of income for the poor and middle income reduces the ability to save! Rising healthcare cost, relocation cost, education costs and job turnover kills the savings propensity and basic ability. Exporting jobs and uncontrolled illegal immigration make the matter worse. The number of Americans unemployed and under employed and uninsured and with no retirement make the US a country citizens in other countries no longer desire. This change should not reflect on the values or characteristics of the forces that made the US great! Those traditional characteristics were usurped in the 70's or 80's and new characteristics typified by fascism and oligopolistic corporations was politically put in place to only result in massive failure and probably money laundering to havens outside the US. May God save us from those forces and may he guide Obama and his administration.....!
Retirement piece
I just wanted to say AMEN to your piece. As one of those prospective retirees who has lost almost 40% of her 401K, change can't come soon enough. No one could have predicted this situation. But now that it has occurred, let's fix it for the future to protect all of us.
I won't be retiring at 65, but then, neither will my friends. I don't mind working; actually love it. And, I don't think there should be a predictive age for retiring. It should be individualized based on the particular person's needs and wants (and that includes the financial savings part).
Tragic Flaws
Mark, Thank you for writing such a thought provoking piece. I was particularly interested in this line of thinking, "But there seems to be an underlying implication that the 401k system is tragically flawed. This seems to me unfounded." While I would tend to agree that the 401k system is not "tragically flawed", the 401k plan is certainly gasping for breath and in need of a doctor. The entire system is rife with the types of abuses that would outrage such criminals as Eliot Spitzer and Rush Limbaugh, if they only knew about them. You correctly mention that 2008 was a year in which Transparency was "in". But paying lip service to the idea of transparency is something that consulting firms, plan providers, and other plan administrators have been doing for years -- with little result. Now it looks like the panacea of 408(b)(2) may not come to pass. I guess my point is that just because people talk about transparency and fee disclosure, that does not mean it's actually happening in practice. How else would it be possible that the average 401k participant in this country is paying somewhere north of 3.5% in fees when you calculate explicit, implicit, and administrative costs? It's a travesty of the American system that has almost no equal outside of the rampant abuses in private health care. If we wait around for the government to solve the problem for us, it will never happen. The fund company lobbyists are just too powerful. Profit trumps Morality. Inefficiency and Opaqueness is the best defense against the potential of shrinking profit margins in a truly efficient 401k market. So where does that leave us? From my vantage point, we need a fully transparent system where all 401k market participants (sponsors, providers, participants, the government, the press) have equal access to high quality and complete data. Then, and only then, will some of these horrific abuses have the opportunity to correct themselves. In the absence of this, the retirement security of America's workforce is in great jeopardy. Best, Mike
Mike, I completely
Mike,
I completely understand the concern on the transparency issue. It's easy to pay lip service to it. However, I'm under the impression that we're in one of those political moments when lip service alone doesn't really fly -- from lawmakers or corporations. Consider that George Miller, head of the Education and Labor Committee in the House, is planning a series of hearings next month on retirement security. Miller's been harping on independent investment advice, fee disclosure, and the works for some time. Not that congressional hearings always lead to substantive action, but it's certainly a step in the right direction. Also the Department of Labor is working on regulations to that effect.
In general, I think that we have the proper (if imperfect) vehicles for saving, in that they have more capacity to generate wealth than anything else. I just think they need to be expanded, more transparent, and far more progressive. Thanks so much for the comment.
Mark
retirement
People take very little responsibiity for their money or unemployment. This recession would not nearly be so bad if people were not seeking a job rather than realizing that their "job" is to be of value to others. One cannot say "I raise money for non-profits but I can't find a job." That's a useless "me-oriented" view of the economy. Rather, one can look and ask" what do people need that I can provide or learn to provide?" They would then be gainfully self employed rather than waiting for someone else to "give" them a job. Even people of retirement age can find opportunities for supplemental retirement income.
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